Forum / Discussion Board (Next.js, PostgreSQL, Redis, Elasticsearch, TypeScript) overview

A modern community forum platform with threaded discussions, user reputation systems, and rich content embedding. Next.js renders forum pages with server-side rendering for search engine indexing of discussion content, combined with client-side interactivity for real-time reply previews and inline editing. PostgreSQL stores threads, posts, user profiles, and reputation scores with recursive CTEs for efficient thread tree queries. Elasticsearch powers the forum search with stemming, typo tolerance, and tag-based filtering. Redis caches hot threads, user session data, and rate limits to prevent spam. Tailwind CSS provides a responsive, accessible design system. The tradeoff is moderating content at scale and preventing spam without degrading the contributor experience.